VACUUM reclaims space from deleted rows and ANALYZE updates statistics for the query planner. Autovacuum handles this automatically in the background. Run ANALYZE manually after bulk imports for accurate query plans.
Database Maintenance
-- Reclaim dead tuple space
VACUUM users;
VACUUM ANALYZE users; -- also updates statistics
VACUUM FULL users; -- full rewrite (locks table!)
-- Update query planner stats
ANALYZE users;
-- Check table bloat
SELECT relname, n_dead_tup FROM pg_stat_user_tables
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC;