Microservices is an architectural style where an application is built as small, independently deployable services — each owning its data and communicating over APIs.
# Monolith vs Microservices
Monolith: one codebase, one DB, one deployment
Microservices: many services, each with own DB
# E-commerce example
user-service -- accounts, auth
product-service -- catalogue, inventory
order-service -- order lifecycle
payment-service -- billing
notification -- emails, SMS