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Tutorials › Linux Command Line › Heredoc and Process Substitution

Heredoc and Process Substitution

4 min read
Heredocs pass multi-line text to commands inline using << EOF. Process substitution <(command) treats command output as a file for tools like diff. These advanced bash features simplify complex input handling in scripts.

Heredoc

cat << EOF > config.yaml
server:
  port: 8080
  host: localhost
EOF

# Process substitution
diff <(sort file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)