Get input values with val(). serialize() converts a form to a URL-encoded string for AJAX. serializeArray() returns an array of name/value objects for custom processing in JavaScript.
Forms with jQuery
// Get values
$('input#name').val();
$('select').val();
$('textarea').val();
// Serialize form
$('form').serialize(); // URL-encoded string
$('form').serializeArray(); // array of objects
// Submit via AJAX
$('form').on('submit', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
$.post('/submit', $(this).serialize());
});