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Tutorials CSS Mastery Pseudo-classes

Pseudo-classes

5 min read
Pseudo-classes style elements in specific states: :hover on mouseover, :focus on keyboard focus, :checked for checkboxes, :first-child and :nth-child() for structural position. Never completely remove :focus styles.

Pseudo-classes

a:hover   { color: blue; }     /* mouse over */
a:focus   { outline: 2px solid; } /* keyboard focus */
a:visited { color: purple; }   /* already visited */
a:active  { color: red; }      /* being clicked */

li:first-child  { font-weight: bold; }
li:last-child   { border: none; }
li:nth-child(2n){ background: #eee; } /* every even */

input:valid   { border-color: green; }
input:invalid { border-color: red; }
input:disabled{ opacity: 0.5; }